If Solar Power Plants (SPPs) are not cleaned, their energy production efficiency can significantly decrease. Dirt, dust, bird droppings, leaves, and other contaminants accumulating on the surfaces of solar panels block sunlight from reaching the panels, directly reducing the amount of energy they can generate and leading to energy production losses. So, what happens when SPPs are not cleaned, and how does this translate into economic losses?
Energy Production Losses
Solar panels covered with contaminants receive less sunlight and generate less electricity. Various studies have shown that dirt buildup on solar panels can cause energy production losses ranging from 5% to 20%.
For instance, an SPP located in a dusty and polluted area may experience annual energy production losses of up to 20%. These losses vary depending on the location, tilt, and environmental factors of the solar panels. In cases where solar panels remain uncleaned for long periods, production losses can reach up to 50%.
Economic Losses
Energy production losses caused by uncleaned SPPs directly translate into economic losses. Calculated at the average energy selling price, these losses can become substantial. In Turkey, as of July 1, 2024, the following tariffs are applicable:
To calculate the financial loss caused by a 5% production drop in a 1000 kW (1 MW) capacity SPP, we first need to determine the plant’s annual production capacity based on Turkey’s average irradiation levels and sunlight duration:
Annual Energy Production Calculation:
Annual Production (kWh) = Capacity (kW) × Sunlight Duration (h) × Efficiency
Annual Production = 1000 kW × 2741 h × 0.75
Annual Production = 2,055,750.00 kWh
Energy Production Loss Calculation (5%):
Production Loss (kWh) = Annual Production (kWh) × Loss Percentage
Production Loss (kWh) = 2,055,750.00 kWh × 5%
Production Loss (kWh) = 102,787.50 kWh
Economic Loss Calculation:
Economic Loss (TL) = Production Loss (kWh) × Energy Selling Price (krş/kWh)
Economic Loss (TL) = 102,787.50 kWh × 117.1606 krş/kWh
Economic Loss (TL) = 120,437.39 TL
A 1 MW SPP experiencing a 5% production loss incurs an approximate economic loss of 120,437.39 TL. Therefore, regular cleaning and maintenance of solar power plants are crucial to maximize energy production and prevent financial losses.
This calculation is an example for a 1 MW plant. For larger plants or higher energy production losses, the economic impact increases significantly.
Other Adverse Effects
The lack of cleaning not only causes energy production and economic losses but also negatively affects the lifespan of the solar panels. Contaminated surfaces may cause uneven temperature distribution on the panels, leading to thermal stress (hot spots). Over time, this stress can damage panel components, resulting in premature deterioration.
Solution: Regular Cleaning and Maintenance
For SPPs to operate efficiently, regular cleaning and maintenance are essential. Cleaning should be carried out by professional teams using appropriate equipment and techniques. Routine cleaning minimizes energy production losses, prevents economic losses, and extends the lifespan of solar panels, thereby protecting long-term investments.
Conclusion
Failing to clean solar power plants can result in significant energy production losses, leading to considerable economic burdens. Regular cleaning and maintenance ensure that SPPs operate at maximum efficiency and help preserve the value of your investment in the long term.
Prepared by: Batuhan Mert LAÇİNKAYA
For your questions: batuhanlacinkaya@rob-sys.com
Date: 18.12.2024
